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Cosmo Bio
CD44 is a single-pass type I transmembrane protein and functions as a cellular adhesion molecule for hyaluronic acid, a major component of the extracellular matrix. It exists in numerous isoforms that are generated through alternative splicing of CD44 precursor mRNA. Whereas the standard isoform of CD44 (CD44s) is expressed predominantly in hematopoietic cells and normal epithelial cell subsets, CD44v (variant) isoforms, which contain additional insertions in the membrane-proximal extracellular region, are highly expressed in epithelial-type carcinomas. Moreover, CD44 is reported to be a cell surface marker for cancer stem cells (CSCs) derived from solid tumors including breast, prostate, colon, head and neck and pancreatic cancer. Expression of CD44, especially variant isoforms (CD44 v8-10), contributes to reactive oxygen species (ROS) defense through upregulation of the synthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH), the primary intracellular antioxidant. CD44 v8-10 interacts with and stabilizes xCT, a subunit of the cystine-glutamate transporter xc(-), and thereby promotes cystine uptake for GSH synthesis. The ability to avoid the consequences of exposure to high levels of ROS is required for cancer cell survival and propagation in vivo. CSCs (whose defense against ROS is enhanced by CD44v8-10) are thus thought to drive tumor growth, chemoresistance and metastasis. Clone RM1 (a monoclonal antibody specific for mouse CD44 v10-e16) can be used in flow cytometry, and importantly, for the enrichment of CSCs using FACS. RM1 can be applied towards understanding a variety of molecular mechanisms for cancer stem cells using in vitro cell-based assays such as “in vitro sphere formation” and “in vivo lung metastasis" assays.
1) Nagano O., et al., Oncogene. 2013 Jan 21., 1-8.
2) Ishimoto T., et al., Cancer Cell. 2011 Mar 8;19(3):387-400.
3) Yae T., et al., Nat Commun. 2012 Jun 6;3:883.
4) Tsugawa H., et al., Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Dec 13;12(6):764-77.
5) Tanabe KK., et al., Lancet. 1993 Mar 20;341(8847):725-6.
| Product Specifications | |
| Application | FC |
| Reactivity | Mouse |
| Clonality | Monoclonal (Clone No.: RM1) |
| Host | Rat |
| Documents & Links for Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) | |
| Datasheet | Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) Datasheet |
| Documents & Links for Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) | |
| Datasheet | Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) Datasheet |
| Citations for Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) – 9 Found |
| https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aatex/26/1/26_26_1/_pdf/-char/ja |
| Riko Jinno, Yuji Komizu, Yurina Kado, Hideaki Ichihara, Yoko Matsumoto, Seiichi Ishida, and Taku Matsushita. Evaluation for Inhibitory Effects of Hybrid Liposomes on the Growth of Breast Cancer Stem Cells using Soft Agar Colony Formation Assay. AATEX. 2021;26:1-8. - Comments: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aatex/26/1/26_26_1/_pdf/-char/ja |
| Willet, Spencer G; Thanintorn, Nattapon; McNeill, Helen; Huh, Sung-Ho; Ornitz, David M; Huh, Won Jae; Hoft, Stella G; DiPaolo, Richard J; Mills, Jason C. SOX9 Governs Gastric Mucous Neck Cell Identity and Is Required for Injury-Induced Metaplasia. Cellular And Molecular Gastroenterology And Hepatology. 16(3):325-339. PubMed |
| Trinh, Vincent Quoc-Huy; Ankenbauer, Katherine E; Liu, Jiayue; Batardiere, Maelle; Maurer, H Carlo; Copeland, Celina; Wong, Jahg; Ben-Levy, Olivia; Torbit, Sabrina M; Jarvis, Brenda; Revetta, Frank; Ivanov, Sergey; Jyotsana, Nidhi; Makino, Yuki; Ruelas, Amanda M; Means, Anna L; Maitra, Anirban; Tan, Marcus C B; DelGiorno, Kathleen E. Oncogenic GNAS drives a gastric pylorus program in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Biorxiv : The Preprint Server For Biology. 2024; 38464029 PubMed |
| Bockerstett, Kevin A; Lewis, Scott A; Wolf, Kyle J; Noto, Christine N; Jackson, Nicholas M; Ford, Eric L; Ahn, Tae-Hyuk; DiPaolo, Richard J. Single-cell transcriptional analyses of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia arising from acute drug injury and chronic inflammation in the stomach. Gut. 2020;69(6):1027-1038. PubMed |
| Kobayashi, Nana; Okazaki, Shogo; Sampetrean, Oltea; Irie, Junichiro; Itoh, Hiroshi; Saya, Hideyuki. Author Correction: CD44 variant inhibits insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells by attenuating LAT1-mediated amino acid uptake. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):6084. PubMed |
| Burclaff, Joseph; Willet, Spencer G; Sáenz, José B; Mills, Jason C. Proliferation and Differentiation of Gastric Mucous Neck and Chief Cells During Homeostasis and Injury-induced Metaplasia. Gastroenterology. 2020;158(3):598-609.e5. PubMed |
| Senbanjo, Linda T; AlJohani, Hanan; Majumdar, Sunipa; Chellaiah, Meenakshi A. Characterization of CD44 intracellular domain interaction with RUNX2 in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Cell Communication And Signaling : Ccs. 2019;17(1):80. PubMed |
| Wei Ye,1,2,* Hidehiko Takabayashi,1,* Yitian Yang,1,2 Maria Mao,1 Elise S. Hibdon,3 Linda C. Samuelson,3 Kathryn A. Eaton,4 and Andrea Todisco1. Regulation of Gastric Lgr5+ve Cell Homeostasis by Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Signaling and Inflammatory Stimuli. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;5(4):523-8. |
| Masayuki Hagiwara1, Eiji Kikuchi1* and Mototsugu Oya. Variant isoforms of CD44 involves acquisition of chemoresistance to cisplatin and has potential as a novel indicator for identifying a cisplatin-resistant population in urothelial cancer. BMC Caner. 2018;18(113) |
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Cosmo Bio
CD44 is a single-pass type I transmembrane protein and functions as a cellular adhesion molecule for hyaluronic acid, a major component of the extracellular matrix. It exists in numerous isoforms that are generated through alternative splicing of CD44 precursor mRNA. Whereas the standard isoform of CD44 (CD44s) is expressed predominantly in hematopoietic cells and normal epithelial cell subsets, CD44v (variant) isoforms, which contain additional insertions in the membrane-proximal extracellular region, are highly expressed in epithelial-type carcinomas. Moreover, CD44 is reported to be a cell surface marker for cancer stem cells (CSCs) derived from solid tumors including breast, prostate, colon, head and neck and pancreatic cancer. Expression of CD44, especially variant isoforms (CD44 v8-10), contributes to reactive oxygen species (ROS) defense through upregulation of the synthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH), the primary intracellular antioxidant. CD44 v8-10 interacts with and stabilizes xCT, a subunit of the cystine-glutamate transporter xc(-), and thereby promotes cystine uptake for GSH synthesis. The ability to avoid the consequences of exposure to high levels of ROS is required for cancer cell survival and propagation in vivo. CSCs (whose defense against ROS is enhanced by CD44v8-10) are thus thought to drive tumor growth, chemoresistance and metastasis. Clone RM1 (a monoclonal antibody specific for mouse CD44 v10-e16) can be used in flow cytometry, and importantly, for the enrichment of CSCs using FACS. RM1 can be applied towards understanding a variety of molecular mechanisms for cancer stem cells using in vitro cell-based assays such as “in vitro sphere formation” and “in vivo lung metastasis" assays.
1) Nagano O., et al., Oncogene. 2013 Jan 21., 1-8.
2) Ishimoto T., et al., Cancer Cell. 2011 Mar 8;19(3):387-400.
3) Yae T., et al., Nat Commun. 2012 Jun 6;3:883.
4) Tsugawa H., et al., Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Dec 13;12(6):764-77.
5) Tanabe KK., et al., Lancet. 1993 Mar 20;341(8847):725-6.
| Product Specifications | |
| Application | FC |
| Reactivity | Mouse |
| Clonality | Monoclonal (Clone No.: RM1) |
| Host | Rat |
| Documents & Links for Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) | |
| Datasheet | Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) Datasheet |
| Documents & Links for Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) | |
| Datasheet | Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) Datasheet |
| Citations for Anti CD44 Antigen v10-e16 mAb (Clone RM1) – 9 Found |
| https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aatex/26/1/26_26_1/_pdf/-char/ja |
| Riko Jinno, Yuji Komizu, Yurina Kado, Hideaki Ichihara, Yoko Matsumoto, Seiichi Ishida, and Taku Matsushita. Evaluation for Inhibitory Effects of Hybrid Liposomes on the Growth of Breast Cancer Stem Cells using Soft Agar Colony Formation Assay. AATEX. 2021;26:1-8. - Comments: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aatex/26/1/26_26_1/_pdf/-char/ja |
| Willet, Spencer G; Thanintorn, Nattapon; McNeill, Helen; Huh, Sung-Ho; Ornitz, David M; Huh, Won Jae; Hoft, Stella G; DiPaolo, Richard J; Mills, Jason C. SOX9 Governs Gastric Mucous Neck Cell Identity and Is Required for Injury-Induced Metaplasia. Cellular And Molecular Gastroenterology And Hepatology. 16(3):325-339. PubMed |
| Trinh, Vincent Quoc-Huy; Ankenbauer, Katherine E; Liu, Jiayue; Batardiere, Maelle; Maurer, H Carlo; Copeland, Celina; Wong, Jahg; Ben-Levy, Olivia; Torbit, Sabrina M; Jarvis, Brenda; Revetta, Frank; Ivanov, Sergey; Jyotsana, Nidhi; Makino, Yuki; Ruelas, Amanda M; Means, Anna L; Maitra, Anirban; Tan, Marcus C B; DelGiorno, Kathleen E. Oncogenic GNAS drives a gastric pylorus program in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Biorxiv : The Preprint Server For Biology. 2024; 38464029 PubMed |
| Bockerstett, Kevin A; Lewis, Scott A; Wolf, Kyle J; Noto, Christine N; Jackson, Nicholas M; Ford, Eric L; Ahn, Tae-Hyuk; DiPaolo, Richard J. Single-cell transcriptional analyses of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia arising from acute drug injury and chronic inflammation in the stomach. Gut. 2020;69(6):1027-1038. PubMed |
| Kobayashi, Nana; Okazaki, Shogo; Sampetrean, Oltea; Irie, Junichiro; Itoh, Hiroshi; Saya, Hideyuki. Author Correction: CD44 variant inhibits insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells by attenuating LAT1-mediated amino acid uptake. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):6084. PubMed |
| Burclaff, Joseph; Willet, Spencer G; Sáenz, José B; Mills, Jason C. Proliferation and Differentiation of Gastric Mucous Neck and Chief Cells During Homeostasis and Injury-induced Metaplasia. Gastroenterology. 2020;158(3):598-609.e5. PubMed |
| Senbanjo, Linda T; AlJohani, Hanan; Majumdar, Sunipa; Chellaiah, Meenakshi A. Characterization of CD44 intracellular domain interaction with RUNX2 in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Cell Communication And Signaling : Ccs. 2019;17(1):80. PubMed |
| Wei Ye,1,2,* Hidehiko Takabayashi,1,* Yitian Yang,1,2 Maria Mao,1 Elise S. Hibdon,3 Linda C. Samuelson,3 Kathryn A. Eaton,4 and Andrea Todisco1. Regulation of Gastric Lgr5+ve Cell Homeostasis by Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Signaling and Inflammatory Stimuli. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;5(4):523-8. |
| Masayuki Hagiwara1, Eiji Kikuchi1* and Mototsugu Oya. Variant isoforms of CD44 involves acquisition of chemoresistance to cisplatin and has potential as a novel indicator for identifying a cisplatin-resistant population in urothelial cancer. BMC Caner. 2018;18(113) |