Product Description

Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria have distinct mechanisms for releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the biological information they convey also differs. In particular, EVs derived from Escherichia coli, a representative Gram-negative bacterium, contain lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on their surface, which have been reported to induce host cell responses distinct from those triggered by EVs from Gram-positive bacteria. This product consists of EVs purified via ultrafiltration from the culture supernatant of Escherichia coli DH5α—a strain widely used in genetic engineering experiments. It is ideal for studies on bacterial communication, immune modulation, and host–microbe interactions.