Product Description

Influenza viruses are grouped into 3 major types (A, B, and C), and strains are further divided into multiple subtypes based on the virus surface proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Influenza rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics and imposes a considerable economic burden in the form of health care and hospitalization costs. Many of the influenza vaccines are aimed at the induction of antibodies but not T cell responses. Since these vaccines mainly induce antibodies directed against the highly variable surface proteins HA and NA, protection efficacy is subtype or strain specific. On the other hand, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed against internal influenza antigens (e.g. NP, M1, PA and PB1, PB2) are cross-reactive to various virus subtypes due to high conservancy of the antigens. Therefore, vaccination strategies focused on T cell immune responses are intensively developed as an alternative to the one based on the induction of the type-specific neutralizing antibodies. These Tetramer reagents comprise human class I HLA-A*02:01 and epitope peptide derived from the influenza A virus matrix protein 1 (M1), and they can detect HLA-A*02:01-restricted influenza M1-specific CD8+ T cells. A Tetramer, which is constructed with the same allele (HLA-A*02:01) of interest and an irrelevant peptide, may be used as a negative control Tetramer.

Product Description

Influenza viruses are grouped into 3 major types (A, B, and C), and strains are further divided into multiple subtypes based on the virus surface proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Influenza rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics and imposes a considerable economic burden in the form of health care and hospitalization costs. Many of the influenza vaccines are aimed at the induction of antibodies but not T cell responses. Since these vaccines mainly induce antibodies directed against the highly variable surface proteins HA and NA, protection efficacy is subtype or strain specific. On the other hand, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed against internal influenza antigens (e.g. NP, M1, PA and PB1, PB2) are cross-reactive to various virus subtypes due to high conservancy of the antigens. Therefore, vaccination strategies focused on T cell immune responses are intensively developed as an alternative to the one based on the induction of the type-specific neutralizing antibodies. These Tetramer reagents comprise human class I HLA-A*02:01 and epitope peptide derived from the influenza A virus matrix protein 1 (M1), and they can detect HLA-A*02:01-restricted influenza M1-specific CD8+ T cells. A Tetramer, which is constructed with the same allele (HLA-A*02:01) of interest and an irrelevant peptide, may be used as a negative control Tetramer.